| Homepage | The NICOLLE S | Census Mont-Louis 1699 and 1700 | Employees of Mahiet | The seven year old war | Notarial acts |
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A mercy special with Marie-Claire Nicol for
the translation of this page, also in Charles Campeau who got
certain acts to us
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Mont Louis was a little village of fishermen, farmers and carpenters. Mont Louis was a marketplace and the chief civil servant, Denis Riverin, hoped to develop a colony founded in the exploitation of cod. Denis Riverin was born in Tours, France in 1650 and travelled to New France in 1675 under the title of secretary to quartermaster Jacques Duchesneau. Very ambitious, he already held the interests of an important investor in the King's business company. He became a titular member of the sovereign council in 1694 and rose to the full law at this office 4 years later. He made his living in fur trade, but fur became over traded. In 1685, Denis Riverin decided to diversify his interests and asked the King to establish, at his own expenses, a place for cod fishing. He saw the value of developing Canadian fisheries as an excellant way to distract the young from fur trading. He created the Homeland Fisheries of Canada Company in 1687. The colonial government granted him the seigneuries of Ste-Anne-des-Monts and Cap Chat the following year. He rented at Matane and bought at La Madeleine in 1689. He engaged 7 launches and about 20 men. He received help from the Basque harpooners and salt to cure cod. He associated with many Canadian investors including Francois Hazeur who was in the lumber industry. Riverin petitioned the government: he wanted to start up 4 cod processing centers, one in Labrador and three on the Gaspian Peninsula, from Mont Louis where he was since 1688 to Grand Etang his newest property and at Gaspe where he wanted to establish his general headquarters and where he wanted to conduct commerce between France and the colonies. His Parisian partners, Nicolas Bourlet and Etienne Magueux, were interested. Riverin went on to acquire directly from the King his titles to the seigneurie of Mont Louis.
But in 1697,
these titles reverted to Nicolas Bourlet, Parisian banker and merchant.
The plantation of Mont Louis was cleared off and roughly prepared. The
installation was readied in 1696, but war prevented its operation until
June 1699 (our exhibit, the first census of June 1699 to June 1700).
But in 1697, these titles reverted to Nicolas Bourlet, Parisian banker
and merchant. The plantation of Mont Louis was cleared off and roughly
prepared. The installation was readied in 1696, but war prevented its
operation until June 1699 (our exhibit, the first census of June 1699 to
June 1700). Riverin did not rest from seeking personnel. He went to
interest the people of St Michel de Bellechasse and Montmagny whom he
transported in spring 1699 on his boat La Colombe. |
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Mont-Louis's Entreprises |
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Fishing with cod
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Hill of Mount-Louis |
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Riverin knew
great financial difficulties and his enterprise was not long. About
1702 the post was nearly abandoned. |
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The Desired attacking
This type of battle was frequent to appropriatefishing grounds
Cod processing on land
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The fiefdom then passed to Joseph Cadet, master butcher and
meat vendor to the French army in Canada. Because he wanted
to exploit the richness of his seigneurie without leaving
Quebec City, the future munitions general to the King,
associated with Michel Mahiet in spring 1753. |
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Some precise
details on the names of the employees, measurements
employed, and the working conditions. |
| Employees of Cadet/Maillet |
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1751 |
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| Names of the fishermen and others | Period of fishing | Employer | Notary | Date from the act | Conditions and wages |
| Charles Réaume (Sailor) | 1751 | Cadet | 30 pounds per month | ||
| François Gravel (Sailor) | 1751 | Cadet | 35 pounds per month | ||
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1752 |
| Louis Baudet | 1752 | Cadet | 55 pounds per month | ||
| Paul David (Engaged) | 1753 | Cadet/Mahiet |
From March 31 until the stop of navigation, to fish with Mahiet; 400 Pounds for the season paid twice 200 to the departure and 200 at the end of the voyage |
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May 4, 1753, the Notary Paul Antoine François Lanouiller, yields the shares of the Haynard family to Joseph Cadet, relating to Mont Louis |
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Cadet/Mahiet association for Mount-Louis in front of the notary J C Panet on May 8, 1753 |
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| Jean Julien Duhamel (navigateur) | 1753 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | May 9, 1753 | Independent fisherman, will sell his fishing exclusively in Cadet/Mahiet and will deposit it in Mount-Louis |
| Signature of an agreement between Mahiet and Cadet for the exploitation by the Mount-Louis in front of the notary J C Panet on May 11, 1753 | |||||
| Julien le Bourdais(owner
of the
launch "the
Marie-Anne") Joseph David ( launchmaster ) Jacques Colin (Engaged) |
1753 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | May 12, 1753 | Agreement concluded between Julien Le Bourdais, Joseph David, Jacques Colin and Joseph Cdet for the season by fishing by May 12 at August 25. Payment for Le Bourdais of the sum of 900 pounds as well for the hiring of the launch as the payment of its team-members. |
| Pierre Chevery Joseph Caillouet Raymond Detcheparre (Navigators) |
1753 | Cadet/Mahiet |
J C Panet |
May 12, 1753 | Engagement for the season, with an advance on the fishing of 1285 pounds and 2 sols, this advance is in the form of sale of material per Cadet in these Messrs, clothing, foods, fishing tackle and others. |
| Roussin | 1753 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | May 15, 1753 |
Roussin will sell its fishing of exclusiveness to Cadet, for 12 pounds the Quintal. |
| François Baudier ( launchmaster ) | 1753/1754 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet |
September 13, 1753 |
Engagement of François Baudier (launchmaster) as from this day until August 25, 1754. for the maintenance of the station of the Mount-Louis during the winter and nearest fishing. 30 pounds of wage per month, it resides in the dwelling of the Mont-Louis. Possibility of prolonging engagement |
| Joseph Pilotte | 1753/1754 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | September 13, 1753 | Engagement of Joseph Pilotte for fishing, hunting, the trade of furs and the maintenance of the station during the winter |
| François Marié | 1753/1754 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | September 14, 1753 |
Engagement of François Mariéas from this day, until August 25, 1754. 300 pounds for the contract for the work there will be make for the service of the post. |
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1754 |
| Antoine Morin | Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | March 25 , 1754 | Market of fishing concluded between Antoine Morin and Joseph Cadet, to go to fish in Percé and to deposit fishing with Mount-Louis. Advance made of 400 pounds |
| Julien Duhamel | Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 3,1754 | .Market between Julien Duhamel and Joseph Cadet for the sum of 1087 pounds and..sols, for 2 launches and their crews + a price of 5 pounds the "minot", so that it can pay his men. Julien Duhamel will have to go to Mount-Louis with 2 launches and crews, the launches will be ready to fishing with all the tackles |
| Pierre Chevery Raymond Calliabay fishermans |
Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 7,1754 | Engagement under conditions of Pierre Chevery and Raymond Calliabay, for the season of fishing, they owe in Cadet a strong sum. |
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Etienne Giraudet (Navigators) |
Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 19,1754 |
To embark on board Goélette "La Sérieuse", to carry out work there that it will be asked to him by Cadet/Mahiet with Mont-Louis including the loading of tree trunks; for 130 pounds. |
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Armand Daguet fisherman |
Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 19,1754 |
To fish with Mont-louis on board Goélette, the orders of Cadet/Mahiet; 230 pounds |
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Louis Guayga (Navigators) |
Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 19,1754 |
For all work on board Goélette "the Marie-Anne" with Mount-Louis with the orders of Cadet/Mahiet, will touch out of Pot of Wine (or installment) the sum of 240 pounds, and will be supplemented to the 1/5 of the benefit, like all sailor. |
| Etienne Bédouin Navigators and fisherman |
Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 19, 1754 |
From the very start of the season, it will leave on board the goélette "the Marie-Anne" to work on board the goélette; or in the Mount-Louis under the orders of Mahiet and a maitre of launch which will pay him its pledges. |
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Jean Frientenar Jean Aussière Martin Mi-Hourac all three fisherman of trade |
From May 21, |
Cadet | J C Panet | May 20, 1754 |
They will have to embark on board "Marie-Anne" to join Mont Louis, it to them will be provided launch and food, and will be paid at the price of the market |
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Jacques André fisherman |
Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 26, 1754 |
With the orders of Mahiet during the period of fishing in the Mount-Louis; Will be paid by the maitre launch |
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Claude Lalande fisherman of large the kamouraska |
This day |
Cadet | J C Panet | May 26, 1754 |
Paid 208 book with the orders of Mahiet |
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Louis Michaud Inhabitant of large Kamouraska |
Period of fishing | Cadet | J C Panet | May 26, 1754 |
Market concluded between Junior and Michaud, so that this last serf of the launch of Junior, to make fishing with mount-Louis; under conditions which it buys all its provisions with Gaspé with the store of Junior, like its fishing tackle. Junior will repurchase all his fishing. |
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Joseph Cadet places order for the construction of a boat out of wooden of oak, in Joseph Alari, Charpentier of marine; contract of September 30, 1754 front the notary J C Panet. |
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Jean baptiste Dugal fisherman |
From September Six, 1754 to finish with similar dates in 1755 |
Cadet | J C Panet | october 3, 1754 |
fish and any work with the orders of Mahiet; for the sum of 240 pounds the year |
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Renaud Daguet Captain of ship |
Engagement for one year as from this day |
Cadet | J C Panet | october 13, 1754 |
To take to command of the goélette "the Marie-Anne" to go to Mont-Louis; for fishing maintenance and transport.450 books for the year |
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Guillaume Estel ( Entel) English Sailor |
Engagement for one year as from this day |
Cadet | J C Panet | october 13, 1754 |
Sailor of the goélette "the Marie Anne" |
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1755 |
| François Fournier | 1755 | Cadet/Mahiet | 155 pounds, 10 sols per season | ||
| Gabriel Bilodeau | 1755 | " | 155 pounds, 10 sols per season | ||
| Pierre D' Etchevery Joseph Caillabet |
1755 | " | 2403 pounds for the season to divide in share equal. | ||
| François Ouellet | 1755/1756 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | October 10, 1755 |
Engagement of François Ouellet for one year, by half at the station of Mount-Louis for 160 pounds and 150 pounds to finish its year with Cadet |
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1756 |
| Raymond D' Uchépart Martin Dechemesqui Marty Demouvai |
1756 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | May 4 ,1756 |
Fishermen Basques engaged to lead Goélette "the Marie-Anne" to Mont
Louis, in accordance with their market concluded with Michel Mahiet on
September 19, 1757. They will make fishing with 2 launches, they
received from Mons. Junior the sum by 860 pounds and 14 grounds They
will take along on their board the following fishermen: "Jean Cappindé; Jean Fouchet; Merey Larvemindy; François Gourclain; and Jacques Benoist." these fisherman would have also received a sum of Junior (going up not indicated on the act) |
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Marins pêcheurs à bord de la Marie-Anne Jean Cappindé Jean Fouchet Merey Lavremendy François Gourclain Jacques Benoist |
1756 | Cadet/Mahiet | J C Panet | May 4 ,1756 | |
| Pierre Detchevery Joseph Caillebet |
1756 | Cadet/Mahiet |
J C Panet |
October 19, 1756 |
Final payment, By this act it is a question of an update, between what is due of their share to Sieur Cadet, for the purchase of effects, of foods, material fishing tackle provided by Cadet and of what their fishing to reported to him until last September. No mention of re-employs. |
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1757 |
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| Olivier Nicolle | 1757 | Cadet-Mahiet | |||
| Jacques Benoist (Salter) | " | " | |||
| Louis Michaud (Marin) | 1757 | Cadet-Mahiet | J C Panet | February 4, 1757 |
Engagement of Louis Michaud by Joseph Cadet by spring 1757 at February 1758, at a rate of 1500 pounds per year, with its wife to manage the station, housing and nourished. |
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This
association lasted 5 years. Cadet invested and furnished the
equipment and necessary provisions each year. Otherwise, he was
occupied with disposing of the fish product on the Canadian
market. For his part, Mahiet built the establishments and
engaged his schooner, La Marianne. He managed Mont Louis where
he lived with his family. Mahiet was charged with recruiting
workers for Mont Louis and he encouraged his compatriots of
Granville and the surrounding communities to work for him. |
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In 1758, this locality became properous
with about 50 inhabitants and homes made of brick. We supposed it
was the inhabitants who made the brick. The association between
Cadet and Mahiet ended March 1758. It seems the manager of Mont
Louis was not satisfied with the attitude of Cadet, whom he
believed, was not involved enough in the enterprise, leaving him all
the work. Cadet sold the seigneurie of Mont Louis to Michel Mahiet
for the sum of 20,000 pounds. Cadet engaged the Quebecois
negotiator sieur Nicolas Massot who took 8% commission from the
sale. |
| Employées of Mahiet in 1758 |
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march 8,1758 Cancellation of the contract Binding Cadet and Mahiet about
the mount Louis march 9,1758 Sale of the Stronghold of Mount-Louis de Cadet with Mahiet
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| Names of the fishermen and others | Period of fishing | Employer | Notary | Date from the act | Conditions and wages |
| Guillaume
Malenfant (Lauchmaster) |
Beginning of navigation | Mahiet | J C Panet | 03/15/1758 |
It will have to provide to its boat and committed 2 Men; will be paid at Piece-rates. |
| Louis Paquet | Beginning of navigation | Mahiet | J C Panet | 03/16/1758 |
Fisherman with 35 pounds per month as of the loading |
| Jean Aubut | Beginning of navigation | Mahiet | J C Panet | April 08,1758 |
It
will join 2 other fishermen and will be paid 16 sums of money the pièce |
| Pierre Lochet (Master of Grave) |
Beginning of navigation | Mahiet | J C Panet | April 08,1758 |
Fisherman with 150 pounds the season |
| François Rincoin | Beginning of navigation with the August 25,1758 | Mahiet | A. Crespin | April 11,1758 | 230 Pounds for the season |
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Joseph Nicolle
(Olivier's
brother) Olivier Nicolle (ancestor) |
Beginning
of navigation with the August 25,1758 |
Mahiet | A. Crespin | April 12,1758 | 830
pounds for their combined wages including
the hiring of their launch "La Marianne" |
| Jacques Benoit (Salter) | Beginning of navigation with the September 1, 1758 | Mahiet | A. Crespin | April 11,1758 | 300 Pounds for the season |
| Noël Lessard (Farmer and various maintenance) His wife Marie Claire Gagnez and their two children | Beginning of navigation contract 5 year old | " " | " " | April 12,1758 | 1450 pounds for 5 years |
| Pierre Anquetille | Beginning of navigation with the September 1, 1758 or September 10,1758 according to work | " " | " " | April 20,1758 | 250 pounds |
| René Bélay Richard Gravelle |
From May 30,1758 Too August 25,1758 |
" " | " " | April 20,1758 | 1000 pounds for 3 men,the 3rd man will be provided by Mahiet but his wages are included in the 1000 pounds. |
| Jean Aubut François Poullin Félix Têtu |
Period of fishing | " " | " " | April 12,1758 | Association of 3 fishermen who will fish on their own accord, with the consent of Mahiet. The fish will be resolved only to him, 16 deniers |
| Paul David (Navigator) | |||||
| Louis Nadeau Joseph Nadeau |
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| André Manceau (Clerk) | |||||
| André Fleury | Brother of François Fleury our matrical ancester and father of Françoise Fleury who married Olivier II | ||||
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Mahiet in spite of the events seems to remain trustful in the future
since it takes again engagements for 1759 at the time of its passage in
Quebec to bring back the fishermen of 1758; it is however to note that
on September 15 it is still in Quebec, |
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Michel Mahiet
did not profit of his seigneurie for long, for on September 15, 1758 the
English lead by Major Dalling with 100 soldiers |
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| Mont-Louis in winter | Sunset at Cap-Chat near Mont-Louis |
| Now there are 1499 inhabitants at Mont Louis. Mont Louis is now known as St-Maxime-du-Mont-Louis. This name comes from the first name of the Abbe Maxime Tardif (1821-1850), secretary to Msgr. Pierre-Flavien Turgeon after the foundation of a parish also known as the seigneurie of Mont Louis. Mont Louis after a contest of the prettiest village in Quebec of less than 2000 inhabitants became "Le plus beau village du Quebec." The mayor is Mr Bernatchez. The primary industry is lumber. In the bay around Mont Louis there are 2 fishing ports. One of these ports is attached to a fish processing factory |
| Charles Campeau | Pierre Provost | Marie-Claire Nicol |
| Documentation : Encyclobec | Archives Canada-France | Projet Gen-Web Québec |
| Le Livre "Mont-Louis Sous le Régime Français" |
Firmin Létourneau " Confidence d' un vieux registre | Rôle des prisonniers à bord de" l' Antelope" |
| Contrats de Pêches Notaire J C Panet | ||
| A N Q contrats de Pêche notaire Crespin père |
Canada Gen-Web (Le bas du fleuve seigneuries et fiefs) | Mario Mimeault (Chercheur indépendant Gaspé 2002) |
Quillivic Bernard
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